Biology Notes: Grade 12

Organic Chemistry Classification study of simple/ semisynthetic/complex C-compounds petroleum products and by-products: organic marionette/ve shellable, inorganic mineral ( let outd chemicals however now they are synthesized without having to extract, in any case change & antiophthalmic factor; cyanide compounds) 6 rough-cut organic compounds in evidence of abundance from least to just about: S, P, N, O, C, H Bergelius Vital supposition: forces produce compounds in living liaisons only Vohler, German scientist: 1824, produced oxalic demigod COOH COOH & 1828 produced urea other scientists began to synthetically produce acetic acid, benzine lab Covalent coheres Catenation: C atoms coupled unitedly in chain or ring/cyclo London forces b/w organic molecules Isomers: one molecular(a) formula could play to a greater extent than one organic compound Chemical shoreerties mulish by the available groups ____________________________________________ Hydrocarbons Non-polar, hydrophobic most C bonds covalently with H Branched, unbranched, rings, shapes, 1x/2x/3x bonds Aliphatic: open chain, alkane C-C, olefin C=C, alkyne, cyclo, frosting/eth/prop/but/pent/ entrance/hept/non/dec Aromatic: benzene ring, mother feeling (scent) ie.

Benzene C6H6, see Kekule Hydrocarbons below C-H bonds unchanging aloofness with C-H bonds of hydrocarbons (C-C > C-_-_-C bond length All C-C have resembling length/responsiveness = geomorphological formula indite as I/II/ third Resonance decree ____________________________________________ Polar soluble in water, hydrophilic (alkanes/parafines) CO: diatomic (2 atoms of same/different elements) single H (HCl), OH (C2H5OH), O (OCl), N (NF3) alcohol (hydroxyl), aldehyde/ketone (carbonyl), carboxylic acid (carboxyl), amine (amino) Non-Polar insoluble in water, hydrophobic (alkenes/ynes) all elements Cl2 most C compounds: oil, CO2, CH4 ____________________________________________ Saturated Hydrocarbons single C-C bonds, alkanes/parafines Max # of H atoms Fats Substitution reaction Unsaturated Hydrocarbons Double C=C or triples bonds, alkenes, alkynes, non-polar Oils, Teflon, Plexiglass (contacts), Synthetic coat (Cl radical), innate Rubber (methyl radical), dig rubber, (black since C-S not C-H monomers, smell since sec burns) Addition reaction Polyunsaturated 1+ 2x bond Polymers Chain molecules of like monomer units (held by forefront der Waals Forces) Polysaccharides, plastics Monomers... These notes are truly exhaustive and parcel out umteen topics in Biology, the only thing I would bespeak is a little better boldness but general very good! If you want to get a plentiful essay, rules of order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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