Enduring Vision Chapter 30 Notes

Identifications * Yuppies/VCRs/Three Mile Island * Yuppies young, urban professionals who wore ostentatious gear much(prenominal)(prenominal) Rolex watches or BMW cars. they came to symbolize the increased pursuit of wealth and materialism of the Statesns in the 1980s, represented decade of greed, stopped creation radical, worried about weight. * VCRs icon cassette rec requests became popular in the late 70s that allowed viewers to tape and view later on contendd their favorite broadcasts and to rent movies on cassette.As entertainment became privatized, families stayed home with the VCR preferably of going to the movies * Three Mile Island 1979 an accident at the nuclear jell at this location that caused a radiation leak and forced the excretory product of 140,000 community near the site. the story made headlines around the world and seemed to keep peoples fears about nuclear power. * roe v. walk/Equal Rights Amendment ( season)/AIDS/ chaste Majority/televangelists * Roe v. Wade the 1973 dogmatic Court stopping point holding that a articulate ban on all spontaneous abortions was unconstitutional. he decision forbade state control over abortions during the commencement trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to specialise abortions to protect the mothers health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the terce trimester * Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) a constitutional amendment originally introduced in coitus in 1923 and passed by congress in 1972, stating that equality of rights under the law shall non be denied or abridged by the united states or by any state on account of sex. despite public nurse, the amendment fai conduct to acquire the necessary support from three-fourths of the state legislatures. DID NOT RATIFY * AIDS AIDS pandemic in the 1970s made many Americans more cautious in their sexual behavior. * Moral Majority political organization of the United States which had an agendum of evangel ical Christian-oriented political lobbying. Formed by Jerry Falwell. organization made up of unprogressive Christian political action committees which campaigned on issues its personnel believed were fundamental to maintaining its Christian conception of example law. his group pressured for legislation that would ban abortion and ban the states acceptance of homosexuality. * Televangelists ministers who would spread their messages via television ne twainrks * Gerald R. Ford/WIN/Mayaguez hap/Election of 1976 * Gerald R. Ford Nixons vice death chair after Agnew resigned he became the only president never to be elected. Taking office after Nixon resigned, he pardoned Nixon for all federal official crimes that he committed or whitethorn have committed. * WIN Whip pretension Now a program by the ford administration to curb inflation and dramatic wrong increases by putting pressure on businesses to lower prices and deter consumers from hording goods. Did not really run for. Start due to OPEC * Mayaguez incident in May of 1975, Cambodian commies seize the ship Mayaguez and 39 Americans are held warranter. In retaliation the president ordered bombing on Cambodia and the launch of a rescue flush * Election of 1976 Jimmy Carter/democrat vs.Gerald Ford/republican= carter wins * Jimmy Carter/ extol transmission channel/ scrapama Canal accord/SALT II/Iran hostage crisis/ inner circle David * Jimmy Carter from Georgia was viewed as a Washington foreigner with no political ties and no scandals, people thought he would sum fresh ideas * stressed human rights. because of the soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow. Created the incision of energy and the department of education. e was criticized for his return of the panama canal zone * Love Canal a neighborhood in Niagara falls, New York, which became the subject of raceal and foreign attention, controversy, and eventual environmenta l notoriety following the discovery of 21,000 tons of cyanogenetic waste buried beneath the neighborhood * Panama Canal Treaty 1978 passed by president carter, these cal direct for the gradual return of the Panama Canal to the people and governance of panama.Very controversial. The people were not happy. * SALT II (st prisegic arms restriction treaty) superpowers pledged to limit nuclear arms production, although signed it was never officially ratified by the American senate * Iran hostage crisis in November 1979, revolutionaries stormed the American embassy in Tehran and held 52 Americans hostage. The carter administration tried unsuccessfully to negotiate for the hostages release. n January 20, 1981, the day carter left office, Iran released the Americans, ending their 444 days in captivity * Camp David peace talks mingled with Egypt and Israel mediated by president carter * they led to a peace treaty the next year that returned the Sinai peninsula to Egypt, guaranteed Israe li entre to the red sea and Suez canal, and more-or-less normalized diplomatic and sparing relations between the two countries. his isolated Egypt from the other Arab countries and led to Sadats assassination in 1981 * Ronald Reagan/Reagan variation/Reaganomics/deregulation/Contras/Grenada/Beirut bombings * Ronald Reagan elected president in 1980 and again in 1984. he ran on a campaign based on the commonalty man and populist ideas. Had participated in McCarthy trials. Iran released hostages on his inauguration day in 1980. he used the strategic defense initiative to avoid conflict. his meetings with Gorbachev were the for the first time steps to ending the cold war. e was also responsible for the Iran-contra intimacy which bought hostages with guns * Reagan Revolution increased defense spending reduced social programs and get down taxes they were based on supply side theory of growing the sparing by cutting government interference and taxes. attempt to return America to the traditional values of church, family, and free enterprise * Reaganomics these policies combined a monetarist fiscal policy, supply-side(cut income taxes), and domestic budget cutting. heir goal was to reduce the size of the federal government and stimulate economic growth, unemployed started going back to work * it included tax breaks for the rich, supply-side economics, and trickle down theory * Deregulation the lifting of restrictions on business, industry, and professional activities for which government rules had been established and that bureaucracies had been created to administer * Contras a Nicaraguan go up group that got financial support from the CIA. his group was formed as a response to the overthrowing of Anastazio Somoza Debayle * Grenada a small Latin country where a communist government had taken power. Reagan invaded the country in protest of communist expansion, cover that he was not pursuing detente. Beirut bombings Lebanon 1983 two truck bombs in love separat e buildings housing united states and French force forces killing 299 Americans and Frenchmen self-annihilation bombers led to the withdrawal of the international peacekeeping force from Lebanon Reagan administration was is hard criticized for its foreign policy * SDI/Election of 1984/Iran-Contra Affair/Mikhail Gorbachev/START/INF Treaty/Pan Am 103 * SDI Reagans proposed strategic defense initiative (1983), also cognize as star ars, called for a land- or space-based shield against a nuclear attack. Although SDI was criticized as unfeasible and in violation of the antiballistic missile (ABM) treaty, congress authorise billions of dollars for development. * Election of 1984 republican Ronald Reagan (won in a landslide) democrat Walter Mondale (running mate Geraldine Ferraro first woman candidate). Iran-Contra Affair president Reagan authorized the off-the-books sale of stolen weapons from the pentagon to Iran in order to fund the Nicaraguan contras congress had forbidden him to use government cash in hand to support the contras helped keep Iraq from winning the Iraq-Iran war (did not want a middle eastern superpower) very illegal (Iran was considered a terrorist state) and almost caused Reagan to be impeached * Mikhail Gorbachev soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the cold war and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms * START Strategic Arms diminution Talks, talks between the united states and the soviet union in which reductions in missiles and nuclear warheads, not merely a limitation on increases, were negotiated * INF Treaty 1987 agreement between the United States and the Soviet Union. Signed in Washington, DC. by US. President Ronald Reagan and Gorbachev on December 8, 1987. he treaty eliminated nuclear and conventional ground-launched ballistic and cruise missiles with intermediate ranges, defined as between 500-5,500 km (300-3,400 miles). under the treaty both nations were allowed to inspect each others military in stallations * Pan Am 103 1988 Libyan terrorist attack on US undone American plane (bomb) worst terrorist attack on us until 9/11 (270 killed) Questions 1. Which social activist movement of the 1960s go along strongly in the 1970s and 1980s? Why? a. The environmental movement continued strongly in the 1970s and 1980s. It gained momentum with Rachel Carsons Silent Spring, and the environmental laws of the 1960s and the start of Earth Day in 1970.The creation of groups such as Sierra Club and Greenpeace, for which membership increased greatly. Campaigns to save animals, plants, and the nautical were launched. In the 1970s environmentalists attacked the nuclear plants employing rallies and protests. The Three Mile Island incident and the chinaware Syndrome movie also aided in Environment change. b. The womans movement also continued strongly. With the Roe v. Wade decision, and the ERA 2. What was theRoev. Wadedecision? Why did it prove to be politically dissentious throughout the 1980s and early 1990s? c. Roe v. Wade was the 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional.The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mothers health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester. d. The decision proved controversial, especially with the Evangelicals who were pro-life. The women, however, responded with Pro-life campaigns, which polls revealed represented the volume of Americans. 3. How did prospects for Native Americans improve in the late 1960s and 1970s? What pregnant problems continued to plague American Indians? e. Acts of militancy by the Native Americans caused the government to give the native Americans more rights over their lives and the reservations. Pride in being Native grew.The natives also launched business ventures on the reservations, making a kettle of fish of doe. They also gained the rights guaranteed in previous treaties. Alcoholism, disease, and high unemployment rates still impact the reservations but they still gained prosperity as a whole. 4. In what slipway did religious faith play a more decisive pagan and political role in the 1970s and 1980s? f. The evangelists took on conservative backlash against the radical changes in America. They first made movements against Roe v. Wade which led to the government stopping Medicaid for abortions. It also stopped the passing of the ERA bill. It also retrogressed the gay rights movement. New groups formed with religion and spiritual questioning.The moral majority formed the pro-life, pro-family, pro-moral, and pro-American crusade. Televangelists appeared on TV across the nation reaching millions of viewers. 5. What were the troubles that overwhelmed the Carter administration and prevented Carters reelection? g. Carter gave the Panama Canal back to Panama. His sheltering of the Shah i n Iran led to the hostage situation in Iran. The Iranians abused the American flag, and had anti-American mobs. Inflation grew sharply worse as a second major inunct crisis drove up prices. The Federal Reserve Board pushed the discount rate ever higher. With the cost of both credit and oil so high, economic activity deteriorated to stagflation. Carters reign was cursed.