'Running Head: Substance abuse in prisons.\r'

'In close to prison houses in the world, inebriant dependence is the most prevalence magnetic core offense.  close prisoners atomic number 18 said to depend on alcoholic drinkic beverage and medicines, to relieve stress and tension.  This has been linked to the fact that most inmates argon imprisoned for medicine †related offences.  These wickeds be believed to introduce drugs and alcohol in prison.  The majority of the prison population has shown some evidence of substance abuse.  In Canada, research has shown that at to the lowest degree 7 †10 inmates bear engaged in activities of drug and alcohol abuse.The use of drugs and alcohol in prisons is highly spreading.  research has shown that women have much severe substance abuse problems than men.  They have as well as shown a tendency of universe involved in hard drugs such as cocaine and heroine than men. These women also have a high rate of injection drug use than men, at approxima tely 91%.Heroin is the type of drug measuring stick by most inmates in call forth prisons of Toronto and Montréal, enchantment in Atlantic Canada alcohol and cocaine be the most abused. Alcohol and drugs argon obtainable in almost all prison facilities in the world.  interrogation studies have shown that drug trade is much more rampant and violent in the prison than on the street. Despite the efforts to overtake drugs in prison inmates have al personal manners been discovered to test positive for drug tests.The types of drugs functional in prison include marijuana, alcohol, drugs, cocaine, tranquilizers, opiates, Hallucinogens, stimulants, sedatives and heroin.  cannabis is the most common drugs while heroin is the least available drug in prison.Drugs intercession programmes available in California state prison.Programmes for drugs abuse sermon in this prison include, detoxication programmes, therapeutic programmes, drug courts, transitional treatment, maintenan ce and aftercare and pharmac another(prenominal)apy methods. In California prison state intensive intervention service are close for offenders who are viewed as high risk.  The treatment available is designed to target behaviors that are predicative of criminal behavior.In this prison, treatment techniques such as coping skills training have been used to reduce substance abuse.  Inmates are trained on how to cope in prison without drugs and also given social skills and employment skills. These skills dish in keeping them focused on other positive activities.  Structured relapse prevention techniques are established to prevent inmates from relapsing into substance abuse.  tautness management sessions are held in prisons to help prisoners bridge player with drug withdrawal symptoms. Willing prisoners are asked to placed their goals of treatment and work step by step to achieve them.  This way they are motivated to break up drug abuse.  Community reinforcement techniques have also been started. The community offers its services to the prisoners through voluntary services to encourage motivate them in barricadoping substance abuse.  However, these treatment programs have not been very strong in the prison.  The programs are not enough to stop usage of substance abuse in prisons.ConclusionI signify that more treatment programmes should be established in the prison.  Control and celebrateion programmes should be established to detect any form of drug smuggling into the prison.  Visitors and new prisoners must be thoroughly checked ahead entering the prison compound.  Routine searches should also be done in the prison frequently to reprove any form of drug or alcohol storage in the prison. Comprehensive screening and opinion of inmates on entry should be performed to identify the treatment programme suitable for each patient. Drug sensing dogs should be introduced in the prison to facilitate drug detection in the priso n.  Visitors’ areas should be modified to the designs and layouts that are open and easily accessible.  The visiting areas should be only separated from the inmates section by an impassable barrier. The way against drug and substance should be intensified to eliminate them from our society.References.Substance abuse in corrections. http://www.ccsa.ca/pdf/ccsa-011058-2004.pdf.as retrieved on 26/10/2007.Alcohol info. http://www.alcoholinfo.nsw.gov.au/justice_system/corrections_system as retrieved on 20 Jul 2007.Heroin addiction treatment. http://www.alcoholinfo.nsw.gov.au/justice_system/corrections_system as retrieved on 20 Jul 2007.\r\n'