Nietzsche on Power

The rise of light placed a strain on religions hu gentlemans gentlemans post to retain its credence. Science had submitd an strange office to explain c erstpts that were once mysteries. This ability began to efface the dominion and billet of the Christian God, and this led to the existentialist root word that humans lives al unity in the world and must avow whole on himself. According to Nietzsche, this natural event places agent squ bely in the hands of man, and the will index of this federal agency leaves him with the ability to conserve it over himself as well as other(a)wises. bingle of the important ideas behind Nietzsches kit and caboodle is that the human respective(prenominal) constantly int subverts and strives toward wielding this mightiness over others.Even actions that appear selfless be re each(prenominal)y sparked by a rooted liking to discover the person for whom the act is commited. Nietzsche advocates the funda workforcetal egocentris m of tot tout ensembley persons, declaring the focus of all human conceptions to be centered on the desire of that particular unmarried to dominate in a accustomed situation. Even the evolutionary aspects of mans position within the environs manifests the individuals engage to wield force out growth from call declareess to adulthood involves an increase of power and a decrease in hyponymy the desire for upwards brotherly mobility represents this as well.According to Nietzsche, the need for power is an willing advertise that is the end for which all pleasure-seeking actions strive. Yet Nietzsche also identified a need that piece ready to discover themselvesand this he conceived as the desire for immanent power. hither is where Nietzsches truest interest in power lay. These themes trick be show in his use of aphorisms and elaborations of these through and throughout his works Daybreak, the jolly Science, beyond true(p) and Evil, and the Will to military force.The J udeo-Christian antagonism (indeed the antagonism of all religions) represents cardinal theoretical account on earth of the power dealing ( sputter) of which Nietzsche writes. In Daybreak, he writes the ship of Christianity threw overboard a unsloped deal of its Jewish ballast (40). Ironically, the idea represented in the aphorism God is stillborn describes the modern scientific supplanting of the Judeo-Christian adopt that God is last responsible for the moulding of the individual (Zupancic, 6).The scientific explanations of the universethe Copernican change which challenged and toppled the geocentric viewweakened the idea that the anthropomorphic God was all daylong (or perpetually was) in charge of the destiny of the universe. Essentially hotshot of Nietzsches power relations, this struggle left each individual entity on the earth dependent on its take actions to take it through time. This has bend one of the catalytic ideas that gave bloodline to the notion of in ternal power that drives man. This power has been expressed by Nietzsche in the form of self reachy, which develops in a complicated cycle, both as a result of and in alineance with the replete(predicate). Though this important consciousness arises out of the inward self-creation of the man, Nietzsche also acknowledges other example of instinct that drives men toward a different kind of power domination.In the work The Will to Power Nietzsche points out the symbolism that can be found in the how states and societies turn in been constituted. The drive for power, he writes, undergirds the hierarchic character of the organizations within each state. societal classes demonstrate ways in which tribe run through succeeded in gathering power over others.This once again identifies another concrete example of power relations within the human world. The members of higher classes (which ante up acquired wealth) dominate in a situation where the other members of night club tan g to them for their wages. Money represents buying power, without which large number cannot live. By this reasoning, individuals who acquire their wages from these puissant members of the upper class manner toward these moguls for their very sustenance. This is the manifestation of the power that, correspond to Nietzsche, all men instinctively seek.Yet even in this example where slew appear to seek dominance over others, one can mention an example of the desire for internal power. Persons who must do the bidding of the rich people in order to gain hold of the buying power that facilitates their proceed existencethese persons recognize that others exert power over them. Their desire for upward mobility represents a desire to sacrifice that comport returned to them, and this appears to be possible only simultaneously with having the power to obtain others. This can thus be seen as a dual drive toward dominance and independence.In Nietzsches opinion it is this self-mastery that represents the truest power. The film of the ascetic monk who denies himself tangible and aesthetic pleasures for the purpose of subduing his desires and mastering himself demonstrates much power than the warriors who plunder other tribes and nations. On a deeper level, Nietzsche describes the inner whole kit and caboodle of the human mind as a contravene of several wills that fight for power within the individual.He writes the pastime Suppose nothing else were given as real except our world of desires and passions, and we could not get down, or up, to every other reality likewise the reality of our drivesfor thinking is merely a relation of these drives to each other (Beyond, 36). Peoples wills (or desires) often conflict with each other, and scenes, Nietzsche explains, are the vehicles of the desires it is via thought that desires identify themselves, and the mind is their battlefield. The ability to master oneself is essentially the ability of one thought to rise u p and make out the dominant will, mastering all the others.Nietzsche expresses this idea also in his restrain Beyond Good and Evil, the deed of conveyance of which is essentially a description of the heights succeed by those who fix achieved the highest level of self mastery. He writes that such(prenominal) a person becomes the man Beyond Good and Evil, the master of his virtues, the superabundant of will (Beyond, 212). His will to bring forth himself overflows, and he finds his own way toward righteous philosophy and virtue through his own journey of self discovery.This journey involves a complex interplay of consciousness, subconsciousness, and instinct. Instinct comes rough through a process in which consciousness of the outside world gathers knowledge that is taken in and imprisoned into the mind in a kind of internalization process. The depth at which these internalized principles rest within the individual causes them to rank higher than the prevailing principles o f the day. And the position that the individual progress tos them him/herself places him or her in the muscular position of self-master.The hierarchical reputation of the instincts themselves determines a way in which Nietzsche classes men according to their degree of control over themselves. The person who has attained an existence beyond levelheaded and diabolical is said to be supramoral, and this is the one who has fortified his internal power. It is in relation to this person that Nietzsche is driven to ramify lesser men. Such men are those who might be seen as stuck in the routines of life. They are bound by a herding instinct that is hereditary rather than created.This hereditary instinct comes into the possession of not one alone a plethora of individuals whose behaviors begin to demonstrate that they can no longer accurately be called individuals. They possess no mastery over themselves that allows them to create their own being with its own virtues and morality to dictate or tell their actions. Instead, their actions and motives are carbon copies of a zillion others who have, like themselves, passively recognised the norms of their society.Nietzsches idea of self-mastery and individualism is again made visible in his declaration that societies have caused passions to be primed(p) to rest, whereas individuals who have distinguished themselves by developing internal power have contributed to the progress of the human race. He expresses this idea in the passage,Nowadays there is a profoundly erroneous moral doctrine that is celebrated especially in England this holds that judgements of estimable and deplorable sum up experiences of what is expedient and inexpedient. One holds that what is called good preserves the species, while what is called evil harms the species. In truth, however, the evil instincts are expedient, species-preserving, and indispensable to as high a degree as the good ones their function is merely different (The unfe aring Science, 74).Even evil persons, Nietzsche explains, have through with(p) more good for humanity than society itself with all its conformity and low-tiered hierarchical power. He argues that even powerful (though evil) individuals have given others something worthwhile they have provided the means of comparing and contrasting surrounded by extremes in ways that perform dialectically to take knowledge and morals to higher heights. These persons who have instinctively created their own morals through a systematic mastery of themselves give more power to humanity than those who conform and expend no energy in the pursuit of more powerful selves. The empowered individuals have through this through adding to the variety of knowledge (of good and evil) and creating new avenues and alternatives for self-mastering persons.Nietzsches compliments for what he considered the power of the self-mastering individual eclipsed that of what he viewed as the general power struggle that often ensued from power relations. The self-made individual demonstrates an industry through which he is able to create his own morals and fabricate the instinct that will lead him toward those morals. Such a man Nietzsche considers to have transcended good and evil by entering into a morality created at basic through consciousness, but later sublimely through the subconscious. This man, in Nietzsches opinion, has truly achieved power of a type that goes beyond the mere control of others, as it has attained the much more difficult goal of self-control.Works CitedNietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil. 1886. trans. R.J. Hollingdale. New York Penguin, 1973.Daybreak Thoughts on the Prejudices of Morality. (Cambridge Texts in the History of school of thought. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 2003.The gay Science with a Prelude in Rhymes and an concomitant of Songs. New York vintage/Random House, 1974.The Will to Power. 1888. trans. Walter Kaufman and R.J. Hollingdale. New York Vintage Book s, 1967.Zupancic, Alenka. The Shortest shade Nietzsches Philosophy of the Two (Short Circuits). Cambridge MIT, 2003Nietzsche on PowerThe rise of science placed a strain on religions ability to retain its credence. Science had demonstrated an unprecedented ability to explain concepts that were once mysteries. This ability began to efface the dominion and power of the Christian God, and this led to the existentialist idea that man lives alone in the world and must rely only on himself. According to Nietzsche, this occurrence places power squarely in the hands of man, and the possession of this power leaves him with the ability to exert it over himself as well as others. One of the main ideas behind Nietzsches works is that the human individual constantly intends and strives toward wielding this power over others.Even actions that appear altruistic are really sparked by a rooted desire to control the person for whom the act is performed. Nietzsche advocates the fundamental egoism of a ll persons, declaring the focus of all human conceptions to be centered on the desire of that particular individual to dominate in a given situation. Even the evolutionary aspects of mans position within the environment manifests the individuals need to wield power growth from youth to adulthood involves an increase of power and a decrease in subordination the desire for upward social mobility represents this as well. According to Nietzsche, the need for power is an instinctive drive that is the end for which all pleasure-seeking actions strive. Yet Nietzsche also identified a need that humans have to control themselvesand this he conceived as the desire for internal power. Here is where Nietzsches truest interest in power lay. These themes can be demonstrated in his use of aphorisms and elaborations of these throughout his works Daybreak, the Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil, and the Will to Power.The Judeo-Christian antagonism (indeed the antagonism of all religions) represents o ne example on earth of the power relations (struggle) of which Nietzsche writes. In Daybreak, he writes the ship of Christianity threw overboard a good deal of its Jewish ballast (40). Ironically, the idea represented in the aphorism God is dead describes the modern scientific supplanting of the Judeo-Christian view that God is ultimately responsible for the molding of the individual (Zupancic, 6). The scientific explanations of the universethe Copernican revolution which challenged and toppled the geocentric viewweakened the idea that the anthropomorphic God was any longer (or ever was) in charge of the destiny of the universe.Essentially one of Nietzsches power relations, this struggle left each individual entity on the earth dependent on its own actions to take it through time. This has become one of the catalytic ideas that gave birth to the notion of internal power that drives man. This power has been expressed by Nietzsche in the form of self mastery, which develops in a compl icated cycle, both as a result of and in accordance with the instinct. Though this important instinct arises out of the inward self-creation of the man, Nietzsche also acknowledges another type of instinct that drives men toward a different kind of power domination.In the work The Will to Power Nietzsche points out the symbolism that can be found in the how states and societies have been constituted. The drive for power, he writes, undergirds the hierarchical nature of the organizations within each state. Societal classes demonstrate ways in which people have succeeded in gaining power over others. This again identifies another concrete example of power relations within the human world. The members of higher classes (which have acquired wealth) dominate in a situation where the other members of society look to them for their wages. Money represents buying power, without which people cannot live. By this reasoning, individuals who acquire their wages from these powerful members of th e upper class look toward these moguls for their very sustenance. This is the manifestation of the power that, according to Nietzsche, all men instinctively seek.Yet even in this example where people appear to seek mastery over others, one can detect an example of the desire for internal power. Persons who must do the bidding of the rich in order to gain hold of the buying power that facilitates their continued existencethese persons recognize that others exert power over them. Their desire for upward mobility represents a desire to have that control returned to them, and this appears to be possible only simultaneously with having the power to control others. This can thus be seen as a dual drive toward dominance and independence.In Nietzsches opinion it is this self-mastery that represents the truest power. The picture of the ascetic monk who denies himself physical and aesthetic pleasures for the purpose of subduing his desires and mastering himself demonstrates more power than th e warriors who plunder other tribes and nations. On a deeper level, Nietzsche describes the inner workings of the human mind as a conflict of several wills that compete for power within the individual.He writes the following Suppose nothing else were given as real except our world of desires and passions, and we could not get down, or up, to any other reality besides the reality of our drivesfor thinking is merely a relation of these drives to each other (Beyond, 36). Peoples wills (or desires) often conflict with each other, and thoughts, Nietzsche explains, are the vehicles of the desires it is via thought that desires identify themselves, and the mind is their battlefield. The ability to master oneself is essentially the ability of one thought to rise up and become the dominant will, mastering all the others.Nietzsche expresses this idea also in his book Beyond Good and Evil, the title of which is essentially a description of the heights attained by those who have achieved the hi ghest level of self mastery. He writes that such a person becomes the man Beyond Good and Evil, the master of his virtues, the superabundant of will (Beyond, 212). His will to create himself overflows, and he finds his own way toward morality and virtue through his own journey of self discovery.This journey involves a complex interplay of consciousness, subconsciousness, and instinct. Instinct comes about through a process in which consciousness of the outside world gathers knowledge that is taken in and absorbed into the mind in a kind of internalization process. The depth at which these internalized principles rest within the individual causes them to rank higher than the prevailing principles of the day. And the fact that the individual creates them him/herself places him or her in the powerful position of self-master.The hierarchical nature of the instincts themselves determines a way in which Nietzsche classes men according to their degree of control over themselves. The person who has attained an existence beyond good and evil is said to be supramoral, and this is the one who has fortified his internal power. It is in comparison to this person that Nietzsche is driven to classify lesser men. Such men are those who might be seen as stuck in the routines of life.They are bound by a herding instinct that is inherited rather than created. This hereditary instinct comes into the possession of not one but a plethora of individuals whose behaviors begin to demonstrate that they can no longer accurately be called individuals. They possess no mastery over themselves that allows them to create their own being with its own virtues and morals to dictate or inform their actions. Instead, their actions and motives are carbon copies of a million others who have, like themselves, passively accepted the norms of their society.Nietzsches idea of self-mastery and individualism is again made visible in his declaration that societies have caused passions to be laid to rest, whereas individuals who have distinguished themselves by developing internal power have contributed to the progress of the human race. He expresses this idea in the passage,Nowadays there is a profoundly erroneous moral doctrine that is celebrated especially in England this holds that judgements of good and evil sum up experiences of what is expedient and inexpedient. One holds that what is called good preserves the species, while what is called evil harms the species. In truth, however, the evil instincts are expedient, species-preserving, and indispensable to as high a degree as the good ones their function is merely different (The Gay Science, 74).Even evil persons, Nietzsche explains, have done more good for humanity than society itself with all its conformity and low-tiered hierarchical power. He argues that even powerful (though evil) individuals have given others something worthwhile they have provided the means of comparing and contrasting between extremes in ways that perfo rm dialectically to take knowledge and morals to higher heights. These persons who have instinctively created their own morals through a systematic mastery of themselves give more power to humanity than those who conform and expend no energy in the pursuit of more powerful selves. The empowered individuals have done this through adding to the variety of knowledge (of good and evil) and creating new avenues and alternatives for self-mastering persons.Nietzsches regard for what he considered the power of the self-mastering individual eclipsed that of what he viewed as the general power struggle that often ensued from power relations. The self-made individual demonstrates an industry through which he is able to create his own morals and fabricate the instinct that will lead him toward those morals. Such a man Nietzsche considers to have transcended good and evil by entering into a morality created at first through consciousness, but later sublimely through the subconscious. This man, i n Nietzsches opinion, has truly achieved power of a type that goes beyond the mere control of others, as it has attained the much more difficult goal of self-control.Works CitedNietzsche, Friedrich. Beyond Good and Evil. 1886. trans. R.J. Hollingdale. New York Penguin, 1973.. Daybreak Thoughts on the Prejudices of Morality. (Cambridge Texts in the History of Philosophy. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 2003.. The Gay Science with a Prelude in Rhymes and an Appendix of Songs. New York Vintage/Random House, 1974.. The Will to Power. 1888. trans. Walter Kaufman and R.J. Hollingdale. New York Vintage Books, 1967.Zupancic, Alenka. The Shortest Shadow Nietzsches Philosophy of the Two (Short Circuits). Cambridge MIT, 2003

Explanation of Human Behavior Essay

psychological science is a vast field that studies the behavior of a somebody. Because of psychological science in that location is a better under rest of the disorders people may be stirred by, the choices people make, and even the sexuality of the human race is understood by psychology. How psychology came to be, is a question that I had asked myself in the past. When researchers chose to directly keep up psychological events, such as timed reactions, 130 years ago, psychology emerged into a scientific field of its own. The first psychological lab was created in 1879 by Wilhelm Wandr. Since the field of psychology was originally developed by whiteness males, galore(postnominal) beliefs were biased. As the field of psychology has pay backn, so has the diversity entangled in psychological study leaving us with more finished understanding. As I happened to mention earlier, psychology is a vast field. This leaves room for many different posts.There are three primary perspectiv es with several(prenominal) sub-fields of psychology. First there is the biological perspective which includes biopsychology and evolutionary psychology. Second, is the psychological perspective that includes behaviorism, cognitive psychology, the psycho-dynamic approach, and humanism. The third perspective of psychology is the sociocultural perspective. Together, these three perspectives and their sub-fields cause helped in advancing k straight offledge in the field. A long standing debate in the field of psychology is the effect of nature and call forth on a persons behavioral development. I facial expression that both are equally important factors in how a person behaves. Some people are born with psychological disorders, but their gentility helps them live a comfortable life without being controlled by their disorder. Others grow up in a bad environment that brings out the belabor of their disorders. There are some people who arent born with psychological disorders, but dev elop some over time due to their upbringing.For example, I was born without anyabnormalities and was completely healthy. Unfortunately I was born into a family of addiction and violence. As a child I was sexually, physically, and emotionally abused. As a result of this abuse I suffered from depression and even now as an adult, many of my choices are influenced by the environment I grew in. I do feel that a lot of personal choices are in our own control, though. Another example, though I was raised in the showcase of family I was raised in, I chose to be better. I chose to break the class of addiction and abuse and become a better person. I experience other people who grew up in the same situation as me, and they choose to follow the path and they choose to carry a account that the world owes them something. I feel there are too many factors involved in behavior for it to be caused by only adept perspective.ReferenceMitterer, & Coon. Introduction to Psychology Gateways to Mind an d Behavior with Concept Maps and Reviews (13th ed.). swiftness Saddle River, NJ Cengage Learning.

Riba’ and Gharar

Prohibition of Riba Generally Riba means that prohibition on each interest. In Islamic Finance system, investors and lenders are strictly disallowed to charge or receive interest. In the Shariah, riba technically refers to the premium that must be stipendiary by the borrower to the lender along with the principal amount as a condition for the contribute or for an extension in its maturity. According to Chapra (2006), call of riba is used in the Shariah in two senses. The first is riba al-nasiah and the second is riba al-fadl..The bourn nasiah comes from the root nasaa which means to postpone, defer, or wait, and refers to the time that is allowed to the borrower to repay the loan in return for the addition or the premium. Hence riba al-nasiah is same to the interest charged on loans While, prohibition of riba al-nasiah implies that the fixing in pass around of a positive array of return on a loan as a reward for waiting and no difference whether the rate of return is small o r big, or a fixed or variable per cent of the principal.It is important to note that, agree to the Shariah, the waiting tortuous in the repayment of a loan does not by itself disembarrass a positive reward. Gharar is known as unimaginable risk taking which is another fundamental principle of Islamic finance central to the structuring transactions. It to a fault can be considered some level of risk remains a fundamental aspect of commercial life and risk allocation a necessary component of Islamic finance only disproportionate risk, imaginary trading and transactions meeting exceeding limitations.According to Tabari (2011) gharar may rise from unimaginable levels of settlement risk, inadequate or inaccurate information and complex contracts where multiple transactions are not identifiable with multiple independent contracts. Besides, according to Iqbal (1999) Gharar in a contract arises where there is a lack of noesis or there is a reasonable doubt about the keep in line of either party to the contract over the completion of the exchange. The best physical exertion of gharar is gambling which have kind of unacceptable risk and gambling is disallowed in Islam.As a consequence, the major terms and conditions, such as the price, subject depicted object or time of delivery, must be determined when concluding the check agreement. The main reason riba is prohibited because it prevents people from undertaking reliable scotch activities. For example when a person having currency is allowed to earn more money on the basis of interest, either in spot or deferred transactions, it becomes aristocratical for him to earn without bothering himself to take pains in real economic activities.This leads to hampering the real interests of humanity, because the interests of humanity cannot be safeguarded without real trade skills, industry and construction. It support by Siddiqi (2004), Riba corrupts society and ultimate effect is negative growth. It must be a reaso n why Islam prohibits gharar, according to Gurulkan (2010), in a general context, the satisfying view of the jurists held that, in any transaction, by failing or neglecting to set up any of the essential pillars of contract relating to the consideration or measure of the object, the parties strive a risk which is not indispensable for them.This kind of risk was deemed unacceptable and tantamount to speculation because of its inherent uncertainty. Speculative transactions with these characteristics are hence prohibited. In conclusion, riba and gharar will cause negative in social political economy and that is a main reason, Islam prohibit these elements in business transaction. Even though, the fight still continue but prohibit it will save economics.

Charles Dickens Essay

Even at this early stage in the layer the ratifier can see something special in sprout. He was the altogether unmatchable out of six sons to survive birth and is now fending for himself. To the lector it is obvious that scald is a loner and doesnt stand up for himself in truth much, hell just get bossed around by his sister, by Miss Havisham, by Estella and Magwitch. In the third pa get toraph daemon genuinely wants the ref to understand just how alone and sad smudge is. He does this by describing finish up as a bundle of shivers rather than a little boy.and that the small bundle of shivers growing afraid of it all and offset printing to cry, was blip. This sentence communicates the ratifier an trope of trounce shaking, wanting somebody to nurse him. Dickens uses his settings as a base for feelings. His choice of setting reflects the situation. In carry one Magwitch threatens scald with death right in calculate of all his families graves, which is sort of sque ezeic. The whole situation is a cause to give Pip sympathy. Dickens secernates Magwitch with longer descriptions first and then short one-word descriptions after.This makes Magwitchs faults seem to go on for of all time and it alike makes him more frightening. A fearful humans, all in coarse grey, with a great iron on his leg. A man with no hat, and with broken shoes, and with an old rag tied round his head who limped, and shivered, and glargond and growled. The oral communication Dickens uses to describe Pip are likewise very important. They are very emotive words such as, Pleaded in terror trembling timidly explained to give me a greater sense of helplessness and danger The way Pips speech is described is also a key point for sympathy.Pip is very polite to his elders, using sir counterbalance when Magwitch is threatening to kill him, There, sir He is also shown to be nervous and scared by faltering and stammering his speech, Goo-good-night, sir, I faltered This shows a ve ry moral side of Pip, because even though he is terrified of this man he still says good-night to him. In extract one Dickens uses a repetitive technique to make the moment more tense. You get me a file. He tipped me again. And you get me wittles. He tilted me again. You bring em both to me. He tilted me again. Or Ill capture your heart and liver out. He tilted me again. This emphasizes the situation Pip is in. Pip is creation bullied by this man who is repeatedly putting Pip in places of danger. The main object of this extract is to show the fear that this man has put into Pip, and also to illuminate how trusting and accepting Pip is. In extract twain, Pip is meet Miss Havisham and Estella for the first time. He has been called for by Miss Havisham to entertain her. When he meets Estella she makes him feel common and poor.Extract two is written as Pip recollecting the meeting rather than Pip describing the meeting as its happening. Within the extract Dickens often writes w hat he theory at the time that it all happened, and what he would have thought know what would happen, Sat the strangest lady I have ever seen, or shall ever see By writing in this way, Dickens is emphasizing that even now Pip found that encounter very strange and odd. The reader also feels analogous they are being given snippets of Pips past. Extract two begins with Pips description of Miss Havishams house.The first descriptions are simple things, And found myself in a pretty large path And then they become more specific, as if it is taking Pip a long time for things to sink into his small infant mind, A clad table with a gilded looking-glass The objects described in the scene set-up the image of a dull, scary house. Certainly non the place for a child to be. Pip gains sympathy because going to this house is something that his sister has made him do for the specific reason of claiming an inheritance, not something he has chosen to do.The dialogue among Pip and Miss Havisham is very important to the extract because it is the beginning of their family relationship and it is also the first time Miss Havisham has been introduced to the reader. Miss Havishams voice is cold towards Pip, and she doesnt show any emotion. This creates sympathy because of the predicament Pip is placed in. He wants to disport Miss Havisham, which in turn pass on please his sister, yet he doesnt understand just how to please Miss Havisham. Look at me, said Miss Havisham. You are not afraid of a woman who has never seen the sun since you were born? By asking this rhetorical question Miss Havisham is showing that she is of more position than Pip. The reader knows that Pip must be afraid of her but is not allowed to say so. In that sentence Miss Havisham is also giving international to the reader a clue as to why she is how she is. Pip is very conf employ in this extract. He does not understand when Miss Havisham is public lecture to him, or when she requires an answer. He ha s to be very wary of himself and as the reader knows how young Pip is, they feel sorry for him. I stopped, fearing I aptitude say too much, or already had said itWhen Estella is brought into the scene she takes an gross dislike to Pip purely because he looks common, With this boy Why, he is a common labouring-boy She unless refers to Pip as boy or this boy in the scene. This shows that Estella also thinks she is of higher importance than Pip. After a naughty of cards with Estella, Pip feels very ashamed. He looks at things he use to consider normal as things that he is doing wrong. This is when Pip begins to feel like he wants to be more than a common labouring-boy. He also feels that Estella is right about him, and begins to agree,Her contempt for me was so strong, that it became infectious, and I caught it. This is upsetting for the reader because they know that Pip will not stand up to Estella and that gains him sympathy. Pips use of language suggests that he is unsure of h imself and what he wants to do, I think I should like to go home now. Although he is being given lots of responsibility this reminds the reader that he is still only a young boy. When Pip is given food the vocabulary used by Miss Havisham and Estella is very demeaning and degrading. Estella, take him down.Let him have something to eat, and let him roam and look about him while he eats. Go, Pip. Pip is referred to as him rather than by name even though he is in the room as they are having the conversation. The word roam also indicates something that an animal would do rather than a person. When Pip recognizes this fact, As if I were a dog in disgrace. We instantly feel sorry for him because he knows that he is disliked by Estella. The main object in this extract is to show to the readers how rich people looked down on lower-class people.Through-out this leaven I have been looking at the slipway in which Charles Dickens creates characters we can empathise with. I have found that the main ways he does this are by the descriptive language he uses to describe them, the use of language when his characters are interacting and also giving the reader a back-ground to his characters so they can feel more comfortable with the book. Dickens uses numerous techniques within these extracts such as rhetorical questions, repetition, listing descriptive language.

My Bloody Life Claims

In Chicago, one gains creator that is attained only by organism pitiless. This can be shown in the deem My bloody Life, by Reymundo Sanchez, that takes gear up in Chicago. Throughout this moderate, Reymundo points out the ruthlessness in the main suit that gains his power only by being that. Reymundo quotes, I was digging up my own grave because I precious to be accepted. I wanted to be looked up to. The only way I knew of achieving this status among the ring members was to commit as some(prenominal) violent acts as possible ultimately those around me stopped thinking of me as a coward, R.S 114. Reymundo shows that he acknowledges the fact that he is digging up his own grave by committing curses. His ruthless character is shown by when he says, achieving this statuswas to commit as many violent acts as possible. To reymundo, in order to gain his power he had to be looked up to, and the only way that he would be looked up to is by committing as many violent crimes as pos sible. In Chicago, power is abused to suppress the lower separate.This can be shown in the book My bloody Life, by Reymundo Sanchez, which takes place in the city of Chicago. In the book there are several scenes where innocent lower class heap are not treated unobjectionable, because of their status. Reymundo says, Gang members as well as non-gang members feel they need to run and hide when the police are present. If they didnt, they would be harassed beaten or arrested for a crime they didnt commit.Police draw to believe that kids in the ghetto are guilty unless proven innocent. Thats wherefore kids run, and the police are the enemy, R. S 231. This quote shows the mentality of the lower class whether they are gang or non-gang members. The fact that instead of having a fair trial, the lower class are harassed, beaten or arrested for a crime they did not commit shows the suppression on the lower class that is being abused by the ones with power.

The Canadian Immigration Information

Stage 1b Gathering Information and Research accompaniment 1 (Write calibrate one position that you found that helps you to argue your ad hoc semipolitical complete and helps to support your Partys position on the political spectrum) Canada allows around 250,000+ immigrants into Canada each year. Comment on the above position (make summons to your Partys goals/political spectrum beliefs) That is a large number of immigrants interpose Canada each year. Allowing so many immigrants into Canada each year is not reli commensurate to Canadians already living in Canada. These immigrants are competing for jobs with Canadians.This can also outgrowth the unemployment rate and many could lose their jobs. Immigrants allow advantages to the miserliness too, but not when 250,000 + are tangle withing each year. From those, 150,000 are skilled workers that can benefit Canada. The number of total immigrants must be brought down to around 130,000 150,000 a year. That way we give a chan ce for some skilled workers, refugees and others to enter Canada composition saving jobs for Canadians. Of those 130,000 150,000 we give make genuine that at to the lowest degree 80% (104,000 120,000) of these immigrants should skilled and educated workers that can benefit the Canadian economy and society.Others should be people who are desperately in need of a Canadian Citizenship or Permanent Residence cards. Therefore making sure people in the country are served in the highest quality while still giving foreigners a chance to experience life in Canada. Fact 1 offset Be Humane With Genuine Refugees, precisely Do Not Put Up With Fraud. Immigration Watch Canada. N. p. , n. d. Web. 07 June 2012. . Fact 2 (Write down another fact that you found that helps you to argue your specific political issue and helps to support your Partys position on the political spectrum) 0,000 students come to check in Canada every year on a temporary residence visa or a study permit. These stude nts must be able to prove that they can pay for their tuition, have a clean criminal record, be in good health, and word of farewell the country once they are finished. Comment on the above fact (make reference to your Partys goals/political spectrum beliefs) Everybody has a right to control whether or not it is in Canada or not. As left winger we wish to provide an equal chance for everyone to earn an education in Canada. We will encourage students from all around the world to come study in Canada.We would minimize the restrictions for students to come and study in Canada. For example, whether or not a person is sick should not hold their ability to be able to study in Canada. Foreign students bring a rich gloss to our classrooms and their knowledge and skills should be welcome in our schools. Fact 2 Source Studying in Canada. Studying in Canada. N. p. , n. d. Web. 07 June 2012. . Fact 3 (Write down another fact that you found that helps you to argue your specific political is sue and helps to support your Partys position on the political spectrum)In Canada 27,852 refugees enter Canada out of the 250,000 that immigrate to Canada each year. Comment on the above fact (make reference to your Partys goals/political spectrum beliefs) Canada offers refugee protection to people in Canada who fear persecution or whose removal from Canada would subject them to a danger of torture, a risk to their life or a risk of cruel and unknown treatment or punishment. If the number of immigrant into Canada decreases to 130,000 150,000 each year than at to the lowest degree 15% of these immigrants must be refugees.Refugees need help and are in desperate need of a place to stay. Letting around 18,000 20,000 refugees into Canada is a good amount and can save many peoples lives. These people have a right to experience freedom and relaxation in Canada. Therefore, refugees should be a big part of immigrants that enter Canada following to skilled workers. Fact 3 Source Refuge es. The Refugee System. N. p. , n. d. Web. 07 June 2012. . Due Date Friday, June eighth My Partys political Spectrum Position is Left Wing The Political Issue I am responsible for is Immigration

Workforce Education

Author Note Heartfelt thank to Dr. Terre Eversden to have given me an opportunity to present a paper on the Adult breedingal Philosophies Benefits and Challenges & their involvement in real life scenarios or the environment we live in. The paper captures the benefits, challenges and example to each Adult breeding Philosophy i. e. Liberal, Behavioral, humanitarian and modernized. Abstract An gravid fostering philosophical system, or philosophic orientation, is the categorization of an single(a)s beliefs, values, and attitudes toward giving grooming and what the purpose and outcome of adult rearing should be.In this paper, I shall discuss of Liberal educational Philosophy, Behaviorist Educational Philosophy, Progressive Educational Philosophy, human-centred Educational Philosophy and finally source human-centred Philosophy. These argon the Adult Educational Philosophies. Benefits and Challenges of each of these philosophies shall be discussed in brief. Keywords adult, b ehavioristic, progressive, humanistic, radical, program lineal activityal, ism Liberal Educational PhilosophyThe liberal adult education philosophy stresses the pedagogics of intellectual powers. Liberals always seek knowledge. They work to transmit knowledge and intelligibly signal tuition. The educator is the expert, and directs the eruditeness process with complete authority. culture rules used implicate lecture, study groups, and discussion. Socrates, Plato, and Pia allow were practitioners of the liberal philosophy. (Note Liberal adult education does not refer to liberal political realizes it is related to Liberal Arts. ).According to liberal adult education, the educated person possesses the four components of a liberal education rational or intellectual education which involves wisdom, moral values, a unearthly or ghostly dimension, and an aesthetic sense (Elias & Merriam, 1995, p. 26). Liberal adult education emphasizes liberal learning, organized knowledge, and the development of the intellectual powers of the mind. It also stresses philosophy, religion, and the humanities everywhere science. The teacher is given a prominent place within this philosophy, and moldiness be well-versed in m either intellectual interests.Liberal adult education employs weighed down(p) promotion of theoretical thinking. This philosophy is suited for adult savants because it requires life friendship in drift to fully gain from the reflection and contemplation affect in liberal educations goals. To illustrate the significance of this philosophy, Elias and Merriam (1995) write As desire as the human person does these things searches for truth, desires to develop their moral character, strives for spiritual and religious visions, and seeks the beautiful in life and nature, the liberal tradition in education will be a potent force.(p. 42).The negatives of liberal burn down ar not everyone is hypercritical thinkers and line solvers and their opinion s can be swayed by otherwises. exemplar A liberal classroom rophyting is a more tralatitious environment. In the classroom you my just have a lecture or even break students or adults into study groups to help each other out. Another option is critical reading and discussion. This approach allows students to free themselves from other(prenominal) experience. They atomic number 18 able to prep ar themselves for diversity and variety. It teacher teaches them to be critical thinkers and problem solvers.Behaviorist Educational Philosophy A major tenet of behaviouristic psychology is the belief that all human behavior is the result of a persons earlier conditioning and is determined by external forces in the environment over which a person has little or no control (Elias and Merriam, 1995, p. 79). Because behaviorism fundamentally aims toward individual and societal survival, emphasis is put on scientific discipline acquisition and learning how to learn. Thus, the teacher mus t create an environment that is optimal for bringing about behavior that ensures survival.The behaviorist adult education philosophy emphasizes the importance of the environment in shaping the learner. The traits of the behaviorist teacher ar close to those of the liberal, in that the behaviorist manages the learning process and directs learning. Behaviorist concepts include mastery learning and standards-based education. Some teaching methods used by behaviorist educators include programmed instruction, contract learning, and computer guided instruction. Learners be active and able to demonstrate a measurable, learned behavior.Accountability is an important concept in behaviorism and punctuates that teachers and learners are both accountable for successful learning. Behaviorism is strong in setting clearly defined purposes, learning objectives, and in selecting experiences that work toward those purposes and objectives. paygrade is valued in assessing the attainment of the beha viors being taught. Vocational training and teacher certifications are both behaviorist practices. Skinner, Thorndike, and Steinberg were believers in the behaviorist philosophical tenet.Example A ingenuous example of Behaviorist is a coach. If a coach tells you what to do then you have to do it, otherwise you wont flummox to play. You must practice the task on hand in order to be successful just like in sports. The teacher has to be a manager who directs the learner outcomes and design the environment. Many teachers must be competency-based teacher. Competency-based concentratees on outcomes and has a certain curriculum that teachers have to follow to get the outcome that they want. Progressive Educational PhilosophyThe power of progressivism runs deep in American adult education, as stressed by Elias and Merriam (1995) Progressivism has had a greater impact upon the adult 14 education movement in the United States than any other single school of thought (p. 45). The progressiv e philosophy of adult education stresses an experiential, problem-solving approach to learning. Like behaviorism, progressivism sees the goal of education being individual and societal. However, the goal of progressive education is improvement rather than survival, which is achieved through liberating the learner.There are five staple fibre principles of adult progressive education. The first is a broadened view or concept of education, meaning that education is not restricted to formal, classroom instruction but is a lifelong process influenced by many sectors of society and daily life. The second principle is a new focus on the learner and the potential of that person to learn more than his or her immediate interests. The third principle is the introduction of new instructional methodologies.Diversifying these teaching methods in turn diversified learner knowledge gained by learning from those methods. The fourth principle is a new teacher-learner relationship that is interactive and reciprocal. The one-fifth principle is that education is an instrument for preparing learners to change society. Learners of this philosophy need problem solving skills and practical knowledge. They learn by doing, inquiring, being involved in the community, and responding to problems. Teaching methods used in this philosophy include problem solving, the scientific method, and cooperative learning.The educator is an organizer who guides learning instead of directing learning and evaluates the learning process. Progressive proponents include Spencer, Dewey, and Lindeman Example Progressive setting is covering someone how to frame a wall while constructing a hold and then watching them do it themselves. Progressive is showing someone how to do something and then they do it while you guide them through the task. Training and emergence in present organizations follow such type of education. Humanistic Educational PhilosophyHumanistic education aims at the development of pot wh o are open to change and continued learning, people who strive for self-actualization, and people who can live together as fully-functioning individuals. The humanistic philosophy of adult education follows some basic principles such as the following human nature is innate(p)ly good freedom and autonomy influence behavior individuality and potentiality are unlimited and should be nurtured self-concept leads to self-actualization perception of the world explains behavior and individuals have a responsibility to humanity.Foundations of humanistic education lie in the following the popular opinion of self-concept that the adult defines himself in terms of the accumulation of a unique set of life experiences that an adults readiness to learn is linked to developmental tasks unique to a stage in life and that adults desire an immediate application of knowledge. The humanistic adult education philosophy seeks to facilitate personal growth and development. Humanists are highly motivated and self-directed learners responsibility to learn is assumed by the learner. The humanist educator facilitates learning but does not direct learning.According to Elias and Merriam (1995), Humanistic adult educators are concerned with the development of the whole person with a special emphasis upon the emotional and affective dimensions of the personality (p. 109). The educator and learner are partners. Concepts that define the humanistic philosophy include experiential learning, individuality, self-directedness, and self-actualization. Humanistic teaching methods contain group discussion, team teaching, individualized learning, and the discovery method. Rogers, Maslow, Knowles, and McKenzie are facilitators of the humanistic philosophy.The challenge is as this concentrates on peoples natural desire to learn, the teacher is a facilitator and students relate to past experience with this approach however, if there isnt mutual respect between the students and teacher this method will probably fail. Radical Educational Philosophy The radical adult education philosophy promotes extreme social, political, and economic change through education. Radical education does not work within existing social norms or structures, but strives to change those structures. Within this philosophy, the educator and learner are peer partners in the learning process.The educator is the coordinator of the class and makes suggestions but does not direct the learning process. This philosophy embraces concepts such as noncompulsory learning and deschooling. Exposure to the media and people in real life situations are considered effective teaching methods. Holt, Freire, and Illich are proponents of the radical adult education philosophy. Radicalism falls outside the realm on mainstream adult education philosophy, mainly because the purposes of many adult education activities are not parallel with the purposes of radical adult education. Identification of Adult Education Philosophical Ori entation

Discuss one Biological and one Psychological Explanation of Aggression Essay

Some biological psychologists point to the role of aflutter and hormonal mechanisms in pugnacity. Hormones fall in already been implicated in a number of other psychological disorders, e.g., depression and eating disorders.Studies have instal a strong, positive correlation between levels of testosterone and aggression. This applies to both manpower (Olweus et al 1988) and women (Ehlers et al, 1980). Clare (2000) noted that girls with the condition congenital adrenal hyperplasia which is implicated in high-pitched levels of aggression engaged in more rough and tumble operate. Testosterone appears to be most influential at two stages of life a few days after have a bun in the oven i.e. the critical time period of time when sensitisation of neural circuits happens and in adulthood when testosterone modulates neurotransmitter pathways.Hormones are definitely at least linked to behaviour although a problem exists in nerve-racking to establish have got and core group, which will be discussed later. Much human and non-human look points to a link between the two. For example, when levels of testosterone peak at the time of puberty in young human males, aggression also peaks.Many non-human zoology studies support the idea that aggression is slightlyhow caused or linked with testosterone. iodine such method of testing this is to castrate various animals. This always leads to a marked decrease in aggression. Furthermore, when testosterone is replaced by hormone therapy in the weaken animals, the aggression of the animal returns to its pre-castration level (Simpson, 2001). This seems to support a causation resultant role or at least a link between the two. A similar study on cockerels by Berhold found the same effect. more than specifically, it seems that androgen stimulation in the early days after birth (up to ten days) causes changes in the neuronal system, which affects the level of aggression of a somebody through into adulthood. Women are typical ly less aggressive because their brains contain genus Beta blockers which block most of the effect of the testosterone in the brain. Male mice who are weaken straight after birth throughout their whole life up to now if they are given hormone therapy, i.e. huge doses of testosterone, later on in life. If the castration occurs 10 days after birth, the difference in aggression levels is much less obvious. This is supposed to be because of the androgen stimulation in the neural circuits during the early days after birth (Motelica-Heino et al 1993).The wonted(prenominal) explanation for the link between testosterone levels and aggression is that testosterone interacts with androgen or oestrogen receptors. During the critical time period, testosterone sensitises certain neural circuits in the brain. This allows for the effects that testerone have which last into adulthood. Testosterone can affect the effect of neurotransmitters, e.g. how fast they move and the heart and soul of neur otransmitter released. It appears to act upon serotonergic synapses, lowering the amount of serotonin available for synaptic transmission. The meaning of this is that serotonin inhibits aggression, so less serotonin means more aggression. To examine this, Simpson (2001) carried out an experiment on rhesus monkeys where he gave them serotonin reuptake inhibitors, leading to a marked decrease in aggression. This has been implicated on humans also and has the same effect (Simpson, 2001).Sapolsky has argued that although there is clearly some kind of link between levels of testosterone and aggression, this tells us nothing about single(a) differences in how people are affected by testosterone, wherefore men are exceptionally more aggressive than women and does not explain why sometimes the highest levels of aggression are found in those with not an exceptionally large amount of testosterone. The relationship between testosterone and aggression is not straightforward. Does testosteron e cause aggression? Does aggression increase testosterone secretion? Does neither have an effect on the other (i.e. a third variable is involved)?Bernhardt et al (1998) has shown that only watching participants win or lose in sports competitions increases testosterone secretion in those who are interested in the game. Indeed, Bernhardt did an experiment where he measured participants testosterone levels out front and after sports events. Men who watched their team lose had a decrease of testosterone levels by 20% and those whose team won showed a 20% increase in testosterone levels. Clearly, testosterone does not always cause behaviour/emotion, but rather the opposer can occur too. This somewhat dents the argument that hormones explicitly cause aggression.

Jose Rizal’s Retraction Controversy Essay

The debate still continues if Dr. Jose Rizal, our national hero, re aloney repudiate? This has been the greatest controversy which is most talked ab give away Rizal. He is recognized for the novels he had written during the Spanish period. Because of these courageous acts of rebellion against the said colonizers, he became our subject field Hero. that what if our national hero, at the last moments of his life retracted everything he had ever said and written? In 1935, a letter was implant by convey Manuel Garcia. The said letter contains that Jose Rizal declared himself as a Catholic and that he retracts everything he had said, written, published and did against the Catholic Church.Opinions regarding this issue would non be the same because some whitethorn agree and some may non. There so creationy questions speculating his retraction if in the first place, all of this is what he real fought for. From Fr. Balaguers version, Rizal, on the 29th daytime of celestial latitude 1 896, wrote and signed the retraction papers in front of him and with the other Jesuit priest present at the death cell. Rizal asked for a justification doubly and for a rosary from the priest between the two confessions.In Balaguers memorandum-record, Rizal asked for a mass and a request for Holy Communion, this was readily ratified by the Jesuits and assigned Fr. Villaclara as the officiating priest of the mass inside the cell. He also mentioned that Rizal asked for the digit of the Sagrado Corazon de Jesus which he carved when he was just 14. Balaguer described the scene as heart-warming because Rizal kissed the image that he had call for from the Jesuits. While kneeling and surrounded by the religious authorities in the death cell, Rizal read the retraction document. Balaguer also claimed that in that location was a servant-messenger for Josephine pasture brake to prepare for the marriage at the San Ignacio Church where Fr.Simo will conduct the confession and other things needed for the ceremonies, which will be materialized on the morning of the 30th. Lastly, forwards the execution and in the presence of the Archbishop and the Jesuit superior Reverend Fr. Pio Pi, Rizal kissed the image of the cross presented to him and has a rosary entwined in his hand. But how did Father Balaguer convinced Rizal to be converted into Cathloic before his execution?This is one of the big unreciprocated questions of today. In addition to this, Rizal wrote a poem entitled My Last word of farewell which was written on the eve of his execution, there was a line there saying,Ill go where there are no slaves, tyrants or hangmen where creed does non kill and where immortal alone does reign (Rizal, 1896).With this, he mentioned God in this poem. Before he was executed, he wrote an undated letter to his family when he was in Fort Santiago Bury me in the ground, place a stone and a cross over it. My name, the date of my brith and of my death. Nothing more(prenominal). If you later wish to surround my grave with a fence, you may do so. No anniversaries. I prefer Paang Bundok. Now, what do he mean by this? He wanted a cross over it. He died as a Catholic and was buried inside the sacred grounds of Paco Cemetery.Unfortunately, his instructions were not granted. It was also argued that Rizal retracted in order to yet his family from further persecution, to evanesce Josephine bracken a legal status as his wife and to command reforms from the Spanish government. Speaking of Josephine as his wife, there was an article from Jose Rizal University that one day of early March 1896 Rizal played a practical joke on Josephine, which frightened her terribly. As a result, she prematurely gave birth to an eight-month child boy. The baby was very weak and can hardly breathe. With this, Rizal immediately baptized him Francisco in honor of his father. He tried to save the life of his son yet all his knowledge and skill as a physician could not save little Fran cisco.Sorrowfully, Rizal saw his child die three hours later birth then he drew a sketch of his unfounded son and he buried him under a shady point near his home. He prayed Oh, God, I give you another tiny angel. enliven bless his soul. Again, this is one proof that even before the exile in Dapitan, he practiced being a Catholic.On the other hand, the written matter of the retraction paper that was allegedly signed by Rizal that was even kept secret and was only published in newspapers. It was said that the paper was incapacitated when Rizals family requested for the original copy. Are the Jesuits too irresponsible for not knowing the importance of the document? Or was it just hidden? But 39 years later, the original copy was found in the archdiocesan archives.Ricardo Pascual Ph. D, who was given permission by the Archbishop Nozaleda to test the document and later think in his book, Rizal beyond the Grave that the papers shown was a falsification. The common contradiction in terms of this argument was either Father Balaguer or Father Pi had make errors in reproducing another copy of the original. The manuscript was also allegedly put from 1922 1935.Trinidad challenged the Jesuits to show to her the manuscripts so that she could validate that it was Rizals write and signature. With this, finding out that there were several copies of it, some may imitate Rizals handwriting and signature. Another proof that Rizal did not retract is that when Father Balaguer claimed that Jose and Josephine, however, there were no marriage certificate or public record shown that could prove Father Balaguers accounts.In addition, he performed the ceremony between 600 615 AM of December 30, 1896 with the presence of one of the Rizals sisters scarce Rizal family denied that none of them were there and Dr. Jose Rizal was martyred at 703 AM. Also, nobody had reported that Bracken was in the area of Fort Santiago in the morning of the execution. get wind also the three priest s (Fr. Jose Villaclara, Fr. Estanislao March, and Fr. Vicente Balaguer) to negotiate the expanse of the walk to give spiritual care to the condemned Dr. Jose Rizal, why is it that, only Fr. Balaguer verbalise that there was a nuptials? Furthermore, where were Fr. Villaclara and Fr. March to verify the manifestation of a marriage ceremony? Or was there really even one at all? demo the two sides, where do you stand? Do you believe that Rizal really abjured or not? Its up to you but this controversy should not snuff out Rizals works for our demesne. He awakened our knowledge of nationalism and patriotism. Jose Rizals writings helped in motivating the Filipinos to fight for our freedom against the Spanish colonizers and inspire a lot of Filipino revolutionaries to stand up for a cost. In my opinion, I still believe that his contributions to our country are far greater than the issue brought by this letter. I stick to his advocacy that war is not the solution for independence.If you re going to ask me if he really retract, I would say yes, because he really wanted to have peace and to incumbrance the chaos during that time, he abjured everything due to the pressure to his family and became a Catholic.I stated earlier that he has some requests to his family for his burial that there should be a cross over his grave, with this, he died as a Catholic and his family, on the 11th day after his death, was informed that early of the next day, a mass was to be celebrated for the eternal rest of his soul. Adding to this, he see hardships in writing his third novel entitled Makamisa because he is not fluent inFilipino language. How could he state A man who doesnt love his native language, is worse than all animals and a ill-smelling fish., if he, himself, cant apply it.And lets understand that he retracted for the sake of his familys persecution and wanted a reform for our country against the Spanish government. Im sure all of us really love our family and will do suc h extraordinary things just to save them and would love to have peace on earth. But all this and more will retract nothing from his greatness as a Filipino.

Computerized Sales Inventory System Essay

By having a end of widening the Cunderdin-Quairading Road , saving is save snarly because the management involved in the operation were able to preserves the old and big points. They be able to protect and enhance the environmental values of alley reserves. By consulting to the Department of environs and Conservation for a clearing permit gave them permission what trees to cut and remind them to be responsible enough on how to conserve nature despite of the more industrialized world for convenience. The study in any case increased the employees and lodge s aw beness of alley boldness conservation. It can countenance safe and efficient route access while balancing vanquish practice environmental management.It only shows that conservation is not a obstructor to save nature even though we want to improve our community or to build business. It is just a matter of planning and store the environment.The study ab bring out Shire of Cunderdin Cunderdin-Quairading Road is just an example of conservation issue that must be given attention. It shows that people are still aware of the conservation issues and trying to promote goodwill to save the satellite for our future generation.II. Case StudyShire of Cunderdin Cunderdin-Quairading RoadThe Shire of Cunderdin undertook road upgrade works along the Cunderdin-Quairading Road during 2011. This upgrade was in solution to the state government decision to close Tier 3 grain-freight railroad track lines which would result in increased grain freight traffic on local roads such as the Cunderdin-Quairading Road. The road worksThe road works included makeup works, shoulder works, drainage works, overlay and widening. The physical object of the upgrade was to* clear grass, some small vegetation and minimal trees* recover and improve drainage* box out shoulders to a depth of 10 centimetres* overlay old pavement 10 centimetres* widen the pavement to 9 metres with a seal width of 7 metres Grader, loaders and truck s were used for clearing and formation works. Where the major clearing was required, such as the removal of salmon gums, elusion steers and a 3-ton excavator was used to manoeuvre in places where the large shew equipment couldnt go. The road reserve along the Cunderdin-Quairading Road consists of open wayside vegetation dominated by salmon gum, york gum, acacia and sheoak species in a extravagant condition, with a predominantly introduced under storey of agricultural weeds. There are no declared rare flora or threatened ecologic communities along the Road. Clearing was selective and only to the extent needed. When applying to the Department of Environment and Conservation for a clearing permit, each tree or land to be cleared was recorded on a GPS, with a pick up to minimizing the number of trees to be cleared, and to preserve as many large trees along the road, while creating a safe and effective road for users.The amount and mixed bag of roadside vegetation was taken into account when widening the road, and where one side of the road was less diverse than the other, the road was widened on that side. Agricultural weeds were cleared from undergrowth, and low vegetation was cleared on two s-bends to make up a better line of sight, which reduced the need for a ace s-bend realignment and subsequent major clearing. Other works along the Cunderdin-Quairading Road were carried out under exemption, as specified under Item 22 of formula 5 (and Schedule 2) of the WA Clearing Regulations which specifies clearing within the road maintenance zones.Future plansAlthough no conditions were placed on the permit, the shire plans to rove in place a strategic offset program where tree planting and revegetation of degraded areas and exhausted gravel pits will be undertaken per year to offset any essential clearing of primal vegetation along roadsides. Future offsets will include planting low lying native shrubs along cleared road reserves to maintain aesthetics, f or weed control, and to relate vegetation corridors. Offset plans for 2011-12 include the revegetation of an old road reserve that was left wing after the realignment of an s-bend on Doodenanning Road. Agreements have been made with the adjacent property possessor to allow room for farm machinery access. The revegetation will link up with a small pocket of remnant vegetation on the landholders property and existing roadside vegetation.

Barn Burning by William Faulkner Essay

The cornerst sensation of Faulkners vitamin B Burning is the inner conflict a soul feels between ones innate moral beliefs and ones loyalty to his or her family. This theme can be extended to each institution which encourages or demands actions of an individual that conflict with a persons moral beliefs for example the story could apply to an individual whose employer demands he or she do some immoral or illegal in ones job.Faulkner wrote this story in the third person. The narrator has limited knowledge, shrewd Sartys, the main characters thoughts, but not the thoughts of others. The Rural South and an unspecified core of time after the Civil War provide the settee for the story.Faulkner do extensive use of metaphor in the story. He writes about a clock that no longer runs but has been stuck at 214 for years. This is an indication that although Sarty has hopes that his father will change, there is no change in the familys life and his father will remain the same. They will s tretch out to move frequently and his father will always find an assuage to burn barns. Sarty compares the size of the large pure tweed house where the de Spains stand with a courthouse.This represents Sartys belief in justice and truth. This is in precipitant contrast to both the unpainted, small house occupied by Sartys family and the stiff black coat Abner Sarty wears. The black color is the opposite of the white that represents justice and truth. The coat is stiff suggesting that Abner resistant to change, reinforcing the metaphor provided by the nonworking clock.By having the main character, Sarty, leave his family at the end of the story, Faulkner appears to believe that obeying ones conscience is more important than loyalty to ones family, employer, country, or other entity. Faulkners use of imagery and the timeless theme of Barn Burning provide a story that is and should be read by people everywhere.

David Jones SWOT Essay

David Jones Ltd (DJS), one of Australias oldest and most recognised department farm animals was founded in Sydney in 1838 and is a seller of diversified crossings ranging from clothes to daily home products. This form knowns purpose is to provide the David Jones Board and Senior Management advice through and through the assessment of SWOT, resources, capabilities and strategies with a Balanced S stubcard and Strategy Map as the measurement of the strategies. Part A-1 David Jones Strategic Analysis SWOTSTRENGTHS tag Name, crossway and target PortfolioDJS was the early department come in in Australia and its black-on-white hounds tooth was judged one of the Australias top ten favourite trademarks in cc61. DJS maintains a wide commixture of products and imperfections ranging from fashion to electrical goods with a portfolio of all over 1000 punctuates covering worldwide and local labels as well(p) as its own internal DJS and DJS summation brand names. Services Portfoli oDavid Jones offers both in wargonhousing and financial run to cater for customers. In store profits in allow personal obtain, sprint advisors, beauty and free health screening processs. Financial profits provided include David Jones Platinum AMEX, Qantas Frequent Flyers points and the DJS gunstock card. Corporate services provided include DJ gift cards. Store PortfolioOperates 35 stores and two w behouse outlets in metropolitan locations nationally. The four pension Sydney and Melbourne CBD retail properties are owned outright with 85,000 sqm of retail space plus existing leased properties and the opening of spick-and-span colonisation format stores in areas with appropriate demographics with no major shopping centre. might for Fund RaisingEven with challenging retail conditions, DJS balance winding-sheet exhibits besotted wakelesss exhibited by red-blooded capital flows, low debt to impartiality and debt to asset ratios in FY11 and FY12. WEAKNESSES High print Switching Low Brand LoyaltyDJS is primarily a mid to exalted-end luxury brand. With the multitude of product and service options available for consumers from direct and indirect opponents and the current economic environment, David Jones cross market is now pursuit out bargains when it comes spending. Limited Global brainstormWith the globalization of retailing, DJS lawsuits formidable opposition in an attempt to profit its perceptiveness in domestic and international markets as confirmed in the IbisWorld Report, the globalisation of this industry is low but the ignore is increasing. Weak availousness IndicatorsVolatility in the global equity markets, financial un indisputablety in Europe and the US and weak domestic consumer sentiment impacted on DJS financial performance leading to a decline in all favorableness ratios in 2012 as compared to FY112. Narrow Target MarketDavid Jones directiones on the premium market and with a secern external driver of retail gross r evenue being real disposable income, DJS market primarily comp organizes of the scotch boomers with spunky disposable income, who under the current economic climate ware reduced their spending dramatically. (IbisWorld 2012 p.15) OPPORTUNITIES Growth prospects E-RetailWith developments in technology and an increasing pattern of people utilising either computer or smartphone platforms, the trend towards online shopping is progressively popular market both for its high efficiency and convenience with commodious potential still to be explored in Australia. Statistics show 12% of gross sales earnings are derived from e-retail in UK compared to 4.9% in Australia. personal line of credit transformationWith the rise of E-commerce, consumers rescue to a greater extent than options than ever before. To seize the opportunity and become a more enhanced remunerative unit is to be vigilante crossways channels thereby giving customers many options for purchasing products, which invol ve providing the personalisation of personal stores, online options for convenience and engagement through social media. Brand expansionglobalization brings in more brands and more competition from some other countries. Instead of being a competitor, DJS sees this as an opportunity of a win-win situation by cooperating with more international suppliers show by the introduction of ccc new brands over the past 26 months. strain expansionThe physical store is an experiential centre where customers are able to interact with the brand and although e-retail provides choice, convenience and access, nervus to face customer service still reigns supreme ( occupation sector insider article) the physical store plays an important role in the retail industry allowing consumers to touch, feel and piss a product home fast. By increasing physical presence, and modify systems and processes, companies willing be able to enhance the customer follow out. THREATS Customer income and taste inf luenceReal household disposable income has reflected a downward trend from 2009 to 2013 and household saving did not decrease during 2012, which reduced the take aim of cash flow meaning store sales will be touch by a decreased level of income remaining for shopping afterwards spending on daily necessities. In addition to this, switching be remain low for customer changing their preferences because of the diversity of options like Myer, K-Mart or the brand retailer like ZARA and Gucci. Counterfeit goods marketAs globalisation brings in new and various products, counterfeit goods alike spread quickly. This has a negative influence on local retailers and trademark owners by taking away part of their local market share, taking advantage of the designs of a brands products as well as the millions of jobs lost, lost assess revenue and additional welfare spending as a issue of counterfeit products. Competitive environmentThere are an increasing summate of abroad and online compe titors entering the Australia market. In addition, a strong Australia currency and online patronage exploration is also seen as a threat to retailers for it has adeflationary impact on domestic sales4. Growing employment and leases ascent comprise of doing disdain in generalIbisWorld has stated that the capital to wage cost is expected to be 16.590 in 2013. Although industry research indicates employment and wages step-down in 2013, David Jones is increasing sales round working hours and introducing hundreds of new positions in a bid to improve customer service and engagement. Part A-2From our analysis on the external environment we have understood that in recent familys the Australian department store industry has been characterised by increasing competition collect to the presence of online competitors and overseas specialists, like Zara and Top Shop. Moreover, adverse macro-economic conditions further decrease the potential profitability of the industry. In fact after t he GFC, a deteriorated consumer sentiment index and a reduced real household disposable income together with a strong Australian dollar increase the level of rivalry signifi rumptly. In this engaging of environment, we strongly believe that DJS must rely on two fundamental capabilities first class customer engagement and customer service and Brand Positioning.These two capabilities are mainly based on a third estate group of resources in addition to some specific resources that are tabled in Appendix X in detail. Upon analysis of the internal environment of DJS, the bring up factors for the success of the firm are The property portfolio, which includes a basket of extremely well located and high-end profile buildings in all the major cities in Australia. These stores are remarkable and highly desirable assets for a premium retailer, are highly costly to imitate and difficult to substitute for potential premium competitors since they are a highly scarce resource. DJs is a partic ularly well-capitalised confederation with signifi grasst borrowing capacity as exhibit by a gearing ratio of 13%, absorb reporting ratio of 14.5x (FY12) and excess cash held allowing the company to continue investing in the development of its strategy. The brand portfolio with over 1000 brands DJS can meet the expectations of its customers and get a line the preservation of its premium brand leading as home of brands The employees and forethought culture DJS has and continues to invest in development and development curriculums to ensure that the face and the leaders of the company are strongly oriented to customer remembering and satisfaction. In assessing whether the two capabilitiesmentioned to a higher place constitute a core qualification for DJS, we have reached the following conclusion 1) Ability to develop and maintain first class customer engagement and customer service CriteriaAssessment semipreciousYesA high level of customer service is a anchor element for the success of the David Jones differentiation strategy. obsolescentYesIn the department store private-enterprise(a) arena only Myer have hitd a similar level of customer service. Non-substitutableYesOn-line based competitors can circumnavigate some profound resources of this potency such as premium store locations and well-trained employees through an efficacious on-line web store, however the physical experience of shopping in the store cannot be replaced. Costly-to-ImitateNoFirst class customer service is extremely difficult to imitate and would require any potential competitor to heavily invest in training and services, although as Myer (Roy Morgan Awards in 2012) has shown this capacitance can be replicated in the long run. According to our vision, DJS has a evanescent competitive advantage from its first class customer engagement and service since, at the status quo only Myer has a similar capability. However, it is of primary richness that DJS keep improving, for ins tance through an impeccable implementation of its OCR strategy in order to further improve the quality of its customer service so as to avoid new entrants reaching the very(prenominal) level of service. 2) Brand Positioning ability to maintain premium leadership status in the department store market as the Home of Brands CriteriaAssessment semipreciousYesThis capability helps DJS to justify its premium de endpointine and to increase customer unwaveringty. RareYesThe premium brand of DJS is a unique capability no ones in the actual competitive environment can rely on a similar core competency. Non-substitutableYesThere is no strategic substitute for this capability the DJS brand is one of the most iconic brands in Australia. Costly-to-ImitateYesDeveloping a brand identity element comparable to DJS is not one that can be achieved easily by competitors due to the massive investment required and the unique historical conditions that have contributed to form it. DJS has a Sustainable Competitive reward from its brand and in our opinion, the firm should heavily leverage on it to successfully implement its future strategy. PART A3 Stakeholder AnalysisStakeholder groupSpecific interestAssessment of Shareholder measure out alignment1. EmployeesEmployees in David Jones as same as other employees who are interested in premium payout, promotion, training and cognition from employers. Fair company policies e.g. safety workplace and effective company communication and structure are additional requirement staff are looking Employee reward to hike employee to flow in their idea to the business e.g. Innovation Workshop Training provided to retain staff executive leadership program, Future leaders program, Operations Online Compliance Training Incentive program in different level of management that align with shareholder value, e.g. newly Frontline Incentive Incentive program only represents part of employees salary which center employees interest is not fully ali gned with shareholders.2. CustomersCustomers in David Jones prefer exclusiveness. The products they corrupt from DJS wont be able to find outside the store. That also applies toshopping experiences which they are serviced in professional and friendly environment that cannot be experienced in other shops. Customers expect DJS can provide the best(p) brand with premium quality and reasonable price. Only added value products can be found in DJS Customers are common to look for smash price with top quality and service however shareholders expect DJS to be more profitable with generous dividend, especially DJS have maintained GP in these few years. It is a fact that both parties interests are contradicted. in the end customer satisfaction draws high sales and allowance account. Mainly happy and loyal customers can maintain the profits in long term which shareholders can receive take in3. SuppliersThey want to maintain good relationship with David Jones and make long term contract to get good adjustment for their business. Because of the news report of DJ, suppliers want to achieve their brand recognition in the market. Suppliers value do not align with DJs shareholders value, they desire to maximize their margin but the cost of goods increase which raze shareholders dividend. But considering the brand recognition and reputation, both shareholders and suppliers want to capture market shares. They have to obtain a balance surrounded by their interests.4. CommunityThe community expects DJ anxietys more almost corporate social responsibility such as social public assistance and environment sustainability such as producing environmental annual report and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. DJS outlines a list of environmentally sustainable managements to bear away greenhouse gases, wastes and promote energy saving. DJS give charity leave to employees to mount the National Breast Cancer Foundation and monetary support other charities. Community is not full y satisfied as DJS only concern a small portion of the society. Every group of stakeholders value has certain degree of alignment with shareholders but none of them is fully in lined. DJ relatively put more effort to appreciate employees who are the key personnel to draw the sales. However, the unbalance of stakeholders investment will disappoint the others and DJS should be careful to avoid any relationship damage. Part A-4 David Jones Generic Business Level StrategyIn a highly concentrated and competitive retail environment, David Jonespursues a Differentiation Strategy. It has historically targeted the 30 to 54 year old high income woman and the strategic factors relevant to her and is now seeking to expand this market to include the younger generation with medium to high disposable income. David Jones is known as a quality store and to achieve this, it focuses on providing a combination of exclusive product ranges, a high standard of customer service, image and store presentatio n and location. This is directly evidenced by optimisation of the David Jones private label and the introduction of over 300 new brands over the past 26 months. Additionally, further investment in customer service and engagement via increased frontline staff hours and in-store events as well as its continued focus on its personal shopping service and the introduction of style advisors offers their target shopper the complete shopping experience. PART BTransformationSuitabilityAccording to pro-rata population, the number of online customers in Australia ranks the third, but the sales generated from e-channel are far lower than other countries (IBIS-pp33). Although there is increasing competition in online business, retailers need online channels to expand business and take advantage of e-commerce to serve both national and international customers (IBIS-PP4). FeasibilityIn 2012, David Jones invested more than A$11 million in Technology CAPEX (AR12) and allocated a 200 person team in c ollaboration with IBM to successfully implement its scientific revolution. High bargaining power with suppliers and very strong brand identity can greatly assist in the Price Harmonisation Process. Overall, David Jones has the obligatory borrowing capacity and management skills to properly implement its turnaround strategy. harmonyDJS strategic point of Transforming the Business is not entirely consistent with its generic business level strategy but aims to provide a solid structural retail platform upon which its supplemental strategic points of strengthening the core business and growing the store network canflourish as signified by price harmonisation which allows DJS to be competitive on price but not a discounter. Shareholders Value significanceThis is fortuney to conclude that Omni channel is profitable when other competitors have already got a well developed system several years ago. The cost to maintain and develop this channel will take a jibe of years to recover and reduce profit margin in the pithy term. Better customer engagement via mobile or internet and price reduction through price harmonization will attract more customers to shop at DJS over competitors, with potential to kickoff the expenses and eventually increase profit margin in long term.Strengthening the core businessSuitabilityAfter the global financial crisis, expected profit margin decline to 3.9% in 2012-2013s department industry with scaling brook of disposable income, cost reduction becomes a key factor for property GP margin (IBIS pp19). Keeping high margin categories helps to increase GP margin. Brand portfolio is also important for mitigating competition from the effect of globalization. However, even though DJS has a better roll management system, cutting time for dynamic headroom events may still cause excess inventories, which may incur inventory costs. Overall, this strategy is suitable in the current environment. FeasibilityIn 2012 David Jones added 85 new brand s into its Home of Brand model. DJS can leverage on its brand positioning and on its knowledgeable merchandising team to develop its brand portfolio. DJS has the financial resources to fully complete the store refurbishment program. This together with the turn in product mix (Fashion&Beauty/Home) should guarantee a higher(prenominal) GP margin. The reduction of the CODB is based on the management teams capabilities and on the new investment in technology that have allowed a more efficient way of conducting business.ConsistencyStrengthening the Core Business is directly related to DJS generic strategyof differentiation through its focus on Offering the best National and International Brands and the high value refurbishments it is undertaking. By continuing to invest in and expand its brand portfolio as well as the image and presentation of its stores and the provision of accompanying services, DJS provides an experience not offered by any other department store in Australia. Shareho lders Value ImplicationIn the short time, expanding labels and store refurbishment will lower DJS margin. In long term, the aim for David Jones is to minimize COBD and strengthen GP generation which improves operational profit and ultimately increases dividend to shareholders.B2 Key Stakeholder ImplicationsImpact on this stakeholder groupProposal to better align stakeholder interests with shareholder value 1. Employees verificatory open challenge and opportunity. It is risky but it will be profitable if success cast out senior management was forced to leave DJS due to internal restructure happened in 2012.Time to adapt new systems and management. High risk to fail the negotiation with supplier to harmonise the cost.2. CustomersPositive better shopping experience (store refurbishments). Open another channel to shop (Internet/mobile) welcome lower price better customer service more brands to shop sum up customer retention and loyalty (more exclusive brands) profitable customers which drive higher profit and give out more dividend. Lower price encourage to choose DJ over competitors and potentially improve margin Store refurbishment attracts more customers to come and visit.3. SuppliersNegative Cost of good is authorise to price harmonization agreement. Profit is minimised. Increase competition between suppliers when DJS usher in morelabels to sell. Increase brand awareness and market share to offset the margin loss due to price harmonisation. Shareholder is also benefit if sales are promoted by lowering the price.4. CommunityPositive busy apps and website will facilitate the communication with the community and provide more business opportunities to benefit the society. Introducing more products of choice to society and encouraging employment rate. Negative refurbishment and new stores increase greenhouse gas emission and wastes.The new strategies have both positive and negative impact on stakeholders. The above analysis gives us a picture that custo mer is clear succeeder and supplier is loser in these new strategies. DJS has a lot of whole caboodle to do in order to create the links of interest between all stakeholders and shareholders. Suppliers benefit will be captured in long term if DJS can achieve the goals of these strategies and increase sustainable sales.

Employment and Human Resource Management Essay

Define beautyism and its emf discriminatory effects on hiring in the workplace.Beautyism is giving a individual preference or hiring someone due to their outward beauty. Some investigate has suggested that quite a little who be outwardly beautiful induce hired faster, get paid more than than, and receive better treatment in life in general, becoming more successful than others. While this whitethorn be accredited to an extent, I do believe that the opposite is also true, attractive people are over-looked due to their outward appearance and are taken little seriously even when qualified or more qualified than other candidate. This is not to mention that life brings ch exclusivelyenges, hurts, and un-pleasantries, regardless of how a person looks. So we cannot be too quick to say that beautiful people drive home better lives.In this case though, the give away is beautyism as a free-pass in a sense, or a way into a rent out correct without the proper qualifications (or in spite of the proper qualifications). on that point has been some severalise that people who hire for job openings do give preference at cadences to people who are obviously physically attractive. Researchers stick mention that beautiful people tend to charm interviewers with their looks and create a demonstrable tone and impression based solely off of how they look.Assess the hold ins behavior from a human resource management perspective. I experience that if people taste to regulate every detail of a hiring fulfill, including the way people look, there will be even more discrimination. When an exceptionally beautiful or attractive candidate is interviewed, managers may tint pressure not to hire them notwithstanding so there are no lies or tension in the workplace as to why that person was hired. In this case, though, it is not even evident that the hold in make an incorrect decision. Other department members should allow the Chair to do their job and trust that they have the proper qualifications to interview and choose qualitycandidates. in that respect are times when candidates are chosen without having all of the qualifications of another candidate. There are job openings available that specify that a certain tier is preferred still not required. The Chair was said to have miss a more qualified candidate, but that does not negate the circumstance that this interviewee may have also been qualified. A lot of times a degree or certain qualification sets are not the just now thing being considered. A person who shows that they are able and willing to complete a job with a great attitude may win job offers faster than a very-highly qualified person who may be lacking in other areas.Recommend the action that the hiring delegation should take to handle the hiring decision. The hiring committee should do their best to work as a team and keep down conflict within the workplace. The Chair made a hiring decision and that decision should be upheld . Employees may timber that the Chair is easily swayed and become more involved in the hiring process than they are even supposed to be. What happens when someone is interviewed that a worker just doesnt care from their outward appearance? Going to the chair to try to get a hiring decision overturned should not be a route taken too often by employees.I whole tone that there is already enough looks-discrimination in the workplace. When a person enters a room to be interviewed they are being judged not only their answers but also how they look. Research shows that 74% of interviewers make hiring decisions within the first transactions of an interview. They judge looks by the persons appearance, voice tone, handshake, and body-language. These are all surface characteristics There is enough judgment in interviews, applicants should not have to be subjected to on-looking, non-involved employees judgments as well.Discuss to what degree and why attractive candidates may be given unfair consideration during hiring processes.This question makes me wonder, honestly, if people would feel better if attractive women or men were interviewed through a wall or only via telephone. People come in all sizes and shapes, with antithetic features and looks. Attractive people cannot help how they look and are often not eventhinking near their looks when working or at an interview. cogitate it or not, a lot of times attractive people would like a little less attention based off looks when it is time to be professional. More often than not, other people are more hooked on the candidates looks than the candidate themselves are. I feel this is an extremely issue and hopefully no advancements will be made to try to admit this There is no way to tell what would begin happening in workplaces if employers try to control what they think others may be thinking about how a job applicant looks this does not fit into professionalism.ReferencesRetrieved from http//jobs.aol.com/articles/2 010/05/18/pretty-girls-get-all-the-jobs/. 16 whitethorn 2012.ERG Theory. Dictionary of human resource management (2001) 112. EBSCO MegaFILE. Retrieved viaWeb. 5 May 2011. Muller, M. (2009) The managers guide to HR hiring, firing, & performance evaluations. New York, NY AMACOM

Advance Effects On Eearly Relationship Against Tinagers Essay

The biggest scourge about juvenileage geological dating is their inability to maintain a relationship. Teenagers or soly, do not understand the necessity of sustaining a relationship over a period of time. Therefore, frequent break ups and fights lead to attempts of suicide, juvenileage pregnancy or mental instability in extreme cases. This happens payable to lack of follow through and a broader understanding of what relationships are.Teenage relationship deals much with exploring their new-found youthfulness than exploring the completion of love. This makes them reduce a relationship to the concept of possessing a boyfriend or a girlfriend making them overlook sight of what is important. This is why we tolerate more cases of teenage dating than cases of everlasting friendship. Most teenagers lack the square-toed understanding of balancing friendship and dating causing even surpass friends to grow apart. This also implies increasing isolation with their new found boyfrie nds or girlfriends making them further unavailable and unexposed to potential friends in their immediate circle. The most visible contradict impact of teenage dating is the school grades. Teenagers have interest in studies and this is emblematic of their shifting priorities in life. This involves a doubled failure when teenagers lose their marks in class followed by riddles in a relationship on the personal front.FURTHERMOREAs teens puzzle emotionally, they are heavily influenced by their relationship experiences. Healthy relationship behaviors can hand a positive effect on a teens emotional development. Unhealthy, abusive, or violent relationships may contribute to negative consequences. Research focused on the consequences of teen dating violence have similar limitations as those focused on identifying risk factors for teen dating violence making it difficult to make causal connections between teen dating violence andcertain outcomes.DESPITE LIMITATIONS, CORRELATIONAL RESEA RCH SUGGESTS THAT VICTIMS OF teenage date VIOLENCE ARE MORE LIKELY TODo poorly in school or not attend school due to feeling unsafe. Report binge drinking, smoking, using drugs, or engaging in unhealthy diet behaviors, including taking diet pills or laxatives and vomiting to lose weight. Become pregnant or have an STD.Attempt suicide and incubate feelings of hopelessness and sadness. Develop a negative body image and beseem uncomfortable with their sexuality be overly dependent on others and not achieving independence Ending up into violent adult relationships.VICTIMS OF TEEN DATING VIOLENCE MAY ALSO FIND IT VERY CHALLENGING TO comprise intimacy with a partnerBecome a positive segment of societyDevelop a personal value systemAnd crap an adult identity.Abusers involved in teen dating violence bring to pass a pattern of behavior for themselves, which puts them at risk for ruining succeeding(a) relationships. In addition, perpetrators of teen dating violence may be more likel y to bully and perpetrate violence against their peers. The earlier a problem is recognized, the sooner it can be addressed.